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Lighten Taxes, Secure Trade Routes, Promote Commercial Business and Support Agriculture
降低關稅，使商家有利可圖；剪除盜賊，保障道路安全；促進商貿流通；寬免農民賦稅徭役。這是春秋時期晉文公最早采取的改革措施，為歷代所稱道。其主旨在于鼓勵農商，發展生產，促進人、財、物的跨區域流通，加速社會財富的增長。其現代意義在于提示人們努力建設開放、通達、共贏的經濟秩序。
From taxes and trails to trade and tillage — this line encompasses a set of progressive reforms introduced by Duke Wen of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period that continue to resonate through history. By curtailing tax burdens for trade, keeping trade routes free from bandits and robbers, and alleviating taxes and corvee for peasants, the duke sought to energize farming and trade sectors, fuel production, and encourage the trans-regional flow of people, goods, and wealth, thereby amplifying societal prosperity. The modern relevance of this policy underscores the enduring value of creating an economic system that is open, accessible, and promotes mutual benefit.
引例 Citation：
◎輕關易道，通商寬農。懋穡勸分，省用足財。利器明德，以厚民性。（《國語·晉語四》）
晉文公減輕關稅，整治道路，便利通商，寬免農民賦稅徭役。鼓勵百姓從事農耕，提倡互通有無，節省國用開支，積累財富。改進百工器具，宣揚德教，用來培養民眾的淳厚德性。
Duke Wen of Jin thereupon went about lightening taxes, securing trade routes, promoting commercial business, and supporting agriculture. He inspired his people to engage in farming and advocated for the sharing of resources, while simultaneously reducing state expenditure to accrue greater riches. Tools and craftsmanship were refined and perfected, and moral teachings resonated through the air, enriching the moral fiber of the people. (Discourses on Governance of the States)
推薦：教育部 國家語委
供稿：北京外國語大學 外語教學與研究出版社
責任編輯：錢耐安
